Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (JUPEK)

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING IN MONOPOLISTIC AND OLIGOPOLIC COMPETITION MARKETS IN INDONESIA

Evi Suryani Harahap — 2026-07-08

Advertising is one of the marketing strategies that plays an important role in influencing consumer behavior and increasing a company's competitiveness in the market. In monopolistic competition and oligopoly market structures, advertising activities are often used by companies to build brand image, create product differentiation, and attract consumer interest in the products offered. This study aims to analyze the influence of advertising in monopolistic competition and oligopoly markets in Indonesia. The research method used in this study is a literature review by examining various relevant scientific articles from reputable national journals published in recent years. Data collection techniques were carried out through the exploration of various literature sources related to advertising, consumer behavior, and market structure. The results of the study show that advertising has a significant influence on increasing brand awareness, shaping consumer perceptions, and encouraging purchasing decisions for a product. In addition, in monopolistic competition markets, advertising plays a role in creating product differentiation and increasing consumer loyalty, while in oligopoly markets advertising functions as a strategy to maintain the company's position and increase competitiveness among companies. Therefore, advertising activities are an important instrument in marketing strategies that can influence consumer behavior and strengthen a company's position in market competition.

APPLICATION OF THE CONSTRUCTIVIST LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF GRADE X STUDENTS IN THE SUBJECT OF GEOGRAPHY WITH THE LITHOSPHERE MATERIAL AT STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 34 SOUTH HALMAHERA

Darling Surya Alnursa — 2026-07-08

Classroom action research is a form of reflective research that involves taking specific actions to improve or enhance classroom learning practices in a professional manner. The purpose of this study is to determine the improvement in learning outcomes of tenth-grade students using the Constructivist learning model on the Lithosphere topic at State Senior High School 34, South Halmahera. This type of research uses Classroom Action Research (CAR).

Based on the research results, the application of the constructivist learning model in tenth-grade students at State Senior High School 34, South Halmahera, has been proven to improve the quality of the learning process and outcomes. This is demonstrated by the increased activity of teachers and students during the learning process, as reflected in the percentage of activity in each cycle. Furthermore, the application of the constructivist learning model also successfully improved student learning outcomes, as demonstrated by an increase in the percentage of learning completion from 52% in Cycle I to 81% in Cycle II. Thus, the constructivist learning model is effective in increasing student activity and learning outcomes in the subject studied.

LITERATURE STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHING PROFESSION ETHICS AND TEACHERS' ACADEMIC INTEGRITY

Muhamad Imam Ghozali — 2026-07-08

study is motivated by the importance of teachers’ professional ethics in strengthening teachers’ academic integrity amid the challenges of digital-era education and the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Low academic integrity, such as plagiarism, data manipulation, and misuse of technology, may reduce the quality of education and teachers’ professionalism. This study aims to describe the concept of teachers’ professional ethics, examine the nature of teachers’ academic integrity, analyze the relationship between the two, and identify efforts to strengthen professional ethics in developing an academic culture with integrity. The research employed a qualitative approach using a library research method through the review of books, scientific journal articles, and relevant previous studies. Data were analyzed using content analysis to systematically examine the main concepts. The findings reveal that teachers’ professional ethics are closely related to teachers’ academic integrity because professional ethics serve as a moral foundation in shaping honest, objective, disciplined, and responsible professional behavior. Furthermore, the development of digital technology and AI has created new challenges to academic integrity, making it necessary to strengthen professional ethics through training programs, implementation of ethical codes, improvement of digital literacy, and the establishment of a healthy academic culture. Therefore, strengthening teachers’ professional ethics is considered a strategic effort to create quality, humane, and integrity-based education.

SCIENCE LEARNING WITH GUIDED INQUIRY MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING OF CONCEPTS AND SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN 2026

Munir Latukau — 2026-07-08

This study aims to examine the effect of using a guided inquiry learning model on improving elementary school students' conceptual understanding and science process skills in the topic of simple machines. The study used an experimental method involving two fifth-grade classes at a public elementary school in Ternate City, North Maluku. The experimental class, consisting of 40 students, received instruction using the guided inquiry model, while the control class, consisting of 40 students, received instruction using the conventional model. Data were collected using conceptual understanding tests, science process skills tests, student response questionnaires, and teacher interviews. The tests were objective-based to measure students' conceptual understanding and science process skills. The data were analyzed using standard statistical analysis techniques to determine differences in learning outcomes between the two groups.

The results showed that the application of the guided inquiry learning model significantly improved students' conceptual understanding and science process skills compared to the conventional learning model. Students learning through the guided inquiry model demonstrated better abilities in understanding science concepts and developing science process skills. Furthermore, the results of the questionnaire and interviews indicated that teachers and the majority of students responded positively to the use of this learning model. They felt more motivated, active, and engaged in the learning process. The guided inquiry model was also deemed to facilitate conceptual understanding and the development of science process skills more effectively. Therefore, this model is recommended for application to other science subjects in elementary schools.

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENTIATED PROJECT-BASED LEARNING BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM ON THE GEOGRAPHY LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Nisa Salma Kamila — 2026-07-08

This research is motivated by the suboptimal implementation of learning that accommodates the diversity of student characteristics and integrates local wisdom in geography learning. This study aims to analyze the effect of the differentiated Project Based Learning (PjBL) model based on local wisdom on the geography learning achievement of class X students of SMA Negeri 1 Purwokerto on hydrology material. The study used a quasi-experimental method with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The research sample consisted of 30 students selected through matching techniques based on initial abilities so that 15 pairs of students were obtained in the experimental class and the control class. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, Independent Samples t-test, and Mann-Whitney U Test. The results showed that the learning achievement of students in the experimental class was higher than the control class with a mean rank of 20.73 and 10.27, respectively. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test showed an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.001 (p<0.05), which indicated a significant difference in learning achievement between the two groups. These findings indicate that the implementation of a differentiated, local wisdom-based PjBL model has a positive impact on geography learning achievement. This model has the potential to be a learning alternative that supports the implementation of the Independent Curriculum through student-centered and contextual learning appropriate to the local cultural environment.

THE EFFECT OF ONLINE LEARNING ON THE MOTIVATION AND LEARNING OUTCOMES OF GRADE VIII STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 52 SATAP SOUTH HALMAHERA

Narilah A Tuara — 2026-07-08

Online learning is a form of learning that utilizes digital devices and internet networks to support the teaching and learning process. The implementation of online learning is expected to improve student motivation and learning outcomes through optimal use of technology. This study aims to analyze the effect of online learning on learning motivation and learning outcomes of eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 52 SATAP South Halmahera in Economics. This study uses a quantitative approach with an associative research type and ex-post facto design. The research sample consisted of 46 students selected using random sampling techniques from a total population of 86 students. Data were collected through questionnaires and documentation, then analyzed using descriptive analysis and correlation to test the relationship between variables. The results showed that online learning was in the very good category (81.1%), learning motivation was in the very good category (82.3%), while learning outcomes were in the good category (77.6%). The analysis of the relationship between variables showed that online learning had an effect on learning motivation with a coefficient of 38.7% and on learning outcomes by 40.6%. These findings indicate that online learning makes a positive contribution to increasing student motivation and learning outcomes, although the extent of the influence is still influenced by other factors outside the model studied.

THE USE OF THE TIKTOK PLATFORM MEDIA IN IMPROVING THE ABILITY TO LISTEN TO FOLKLORE STORIES IN GRADE VIII STUDENTS OF MUHAMMADDIYAH 5 TIDORE MIDDLE SCHOOL

Burhanuddin Jamal — 2026-07-08

This study aims to improve the listening skills of folk tales through the use of TikTok platform media in eighth-grade students of Muhammadiyah 5 Tidore Junior High School. The background of this study is the low listening skills of students as indicated by the percentage of learning completion of only 19.2%. This is caused by the learning process that tends to be monotonous and the lack of use of varied learning media. This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) with the Kurt Lewin model which includes four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study were 26 eighth-grade students consisting of 15 male students and 11 female students. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, documentation, and other assessments. The results of the study indicate that the use of TikTok platform media can improve students' listening activities and abilities. In the first cycle, student learning activities reached 80%, then increased in the second cycle to 89.58%. This increase indicates that the use of TikTok media is effective in improving students' listening skills, so that indicators of learning success can be achieved.

ENTREPRENEURIAL LITERACY AND BUSINESS READINESS OF WOMEN FARMERS IN DEVELOPING PROCESSED NUTMEG PRODUCTS WITH ECONOMIC VALUE

Irma Ibrahim — 2026-07-08

The utilization of nutmeg flesh as a value-added product remains limited, despite its significant potential to improve household income through product diversification. This study aims to analyze entrepreneurial literacy and business readiness among women farmers in developing value-added nutmeg products in Dorpedu Village, Ternate Island District, Ternate City, Indonesia. The study employed a mixed-methods approach with a case study design involving 11 women members of the Tubil Farmer Group. Data were collected through observations, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and documentation and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The findings indicate that entrepreneurship education and training improved participants' entrepreneurial literacy, particularly in identifying business opportunities, understanding value-added concepts, calculating production costs, determining selling prices, managing simple financial records, and utilizing social media as a marketing strategy. The improvement in entrepreneurial literacy also strengthened participants' business readiness to develop Nutmeg Balado Chips and Nutmeg Drink as local value-added products. These findings suggest that strengthening entrepreneurial literacy plays a crucial role in enhancing women farmers' business readiness and supports the sustainable development of local commodity-based enterprises.

UNDERSTANDING EXPOSITORY PARAGRAPHS THROUGH CRITICAL READING TECHNIQUES FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Idrus Ahmad — 2026-07-08

This Classroom Action Research (CAR) aims to analyze and describe the ability to understand expository paragraphs through critical reading techniques in eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Mangoli Selatan.

By combining qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, the research results are analyzed and described as follows: The results indicate that critical reading techniques can improve the reading skills of eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Mangoli Selatan, both in terms of process and outcomes. In terms of process, students enthusiastically participated in the lesson, reading and quickly comprehending the texts presented by the teacher. In terms of outcomes, the learning showed that the average score in cycle I, which was 74.12%, increased to 79.84% in cycle II, meeting the minimum completion criteria of 78.00. Thus, it can be concluded that the research in cycle II has achieved the Minimum Completion Minimum (KKM) and will not be continued in the next cycle.

INHERITANCE OF LOCAL HISTORICAL VALUES (TERNATE) AS A LEARNING RESOURCE AT STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 6 TERNATE, NORTH MALUKU PROVINCE

Zulkifli Zulkifli — 2026-07-08

This study aims to identify and describe the role of history teachers in utilizing local historical values as learning resources at State Senior High School 6, Ternate City, North Maluku Province. The researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach, with history teachers and students as subjects. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that history teachers have not fully utilized local historical sources as learning resources for history subjects due to the limited availability of local historical sources, a challenge that has been a challenge. Therefore, the results of this study serve as a basis for a collaborative evaluation to improve local historical sources and effectively address the challenges faced by history teachers. The application of local historical values as learning resources is crucial, enabling students to understand local historical records, from the arrival of Islam in Ternate to the arrival of Europeans who came to trade spices and sought to control Ternate.

THE INFLUENCE OF WORK ATTITUDE AND WORK MOTIVATION ON TEACHER PERFORMANCE AT STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 15 IN CENTRAL MALUKU

Abdul Hasan Paty — 2026-07-08

This study aimed to examine the influence of work attitude and work motivation on teachers' performance at SMA Negeri 15 Central Maluku. Specifically, the study investigated: (1) the effect of work attitude on teachers' performance, (2) the effect of work motivation on teachers' performance, and (3) the simultaneous effect of work attitude and work motivation on teachers' performance. This research employed a quantitative approach using a causal survey design. Data were analyzed using path analysis to examine the causal relationships between the exogenous variables (work attitude and work motivation) and the endogenous variable (teachers' performance). The findings revealed that work attitude and work motivation simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on teachers' performance, as indicated by the F-test significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). Partial hypothesis testing also showed that work attitude had a significant effect on teachers' performance (p = 0.021 < 0.05), while work motivation demonstrated a significant positive effect with a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that better work attitudes and higher levels of work motivation contribute to improved teachers' performance. Therefore, enhancing teachers' work attitudes and motivation should be prioritized to improve teacher performance and the overall quality of education at SMA Negeri 15 Central Maluku.

NAHDLATUL ULAMA (NU) DAN PEMAHAMAN KEILMUAN ISLAM AHLUSSUNNAH WAL JAMAAH (ASWAJA)

Firman Amir — 2026-07-08

This article discusses the historicity of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and the significant role of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in maintaining religious understanding based on the teachings of Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah in Indonesia. Since its founding in 1926, NU has consistently upheld inclusive, moderate, and tolerant religious values. Using literature review and a qualitative approach, this article analyzes various relevant sources. NU's contribution to practicing the Islamic understanding of Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah is highly visible in society. Religious values of compassion, courtesy, and knowledge are highly encouraged in preaching. Important figures in the history of NU's founding and the practice of Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah teachings have also played active roles, such as KH. Hasyim Asy'ari, KH. Abdul Wahab Chasbullah, and KH. Bisri Syamsuri. Nahdlatul Ulama's role in maintaining the understanding of Islam according to Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah extends beyond increasing intellectual awareness of religion to developing moderate morals, ethics, and Islamic values. Through its understanding of Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah, NU is producing an intelligent generation with noble morals and capable of making positive contributions to Indonesian society. This summary emphasizes NU's crucial role and contribution to the practice of Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah in Indonesia.

Keywords Nahdlatul Ulama, Historicity, Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah

POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPING CHOCOLATE COMMODITIES (THEOBROMA CACAO L.) IN WEST HALMAHERA REGENCY

Rahmat Mamuasi — 2026-07-08

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in West Halmahera Regency has high agro-climatic potential, but its productivity is still hampered by traditional cultivation technology, limited capital, and weak post-harvest management. This research formulates a sustainable development strategy focusing on plant rejuvenation, strengthening cooperative institutions, and improving post-harvest processing skills. Through an integrated approach in potential sub-districts such as Jailolo and Sahu, this strategy is expected to increase product added value, create jobs, and improve the welfare of local farmers. Cocoa productivity in West Halmahera Regency is hampered by traditional technology and post-harvest processing, despite its highly favorable agro-climatic potential. This research formulates a locally-based development strategy, including rejuvenation, access to capital, and downstream processing, to increase farmer incomes and establish the region as a center for quality cocoa. Visit the local government's official website for more information on the cocoa development program.

TRANSFORMATION OF MATHEMATICS LEARNING THROUGH CAPCUT-BASED VIDEO MEDIA: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STUDENTS OF STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 22 CENTRAL MALUKU

Haris Kolengsusu — 2026-07-08

Mathematics learning at SMA Negeri 22 Maluku Tengah is still predominantly teacher-centered, with limited use of instructional media, resulting in low student motivation and learning outcomes. In response to the demands of digital transformation in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0 era, CapCut-based instructional videos offer an innovative approach to presenting mathematical concepts in a more engaging, interactive, and accessible manner. This study aimed to examine the effect of CapCut-based video media on students' mathematics learning outcomes. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method and a Pretest–Posttest Control Group Design was employed. The population consisted of all eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 22 Maluku Tengah. Samples were selected using cluster random sampling, resulting in Class XI-A as the experimental group and Class XI-B as the control group. The research instrument was a validated multiple-choice mathematics achievement test. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including the Independent Sample t-test, N-Gain analysis, and Cohen's d effect size. The findings revealed that students in the experimental group achieved significantly higher learning outcomes than those in the control group. The N-Gain score was categorized as high, accompanied by a strong effect size, indicating that CapCut-based video media effectively improved students' mathematics learning outcomes. Therefore, CapCut-based instructional videos can serve as an effective and innovative learning medium for mathematics instruction in secondary schools.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARM MUSCLE STRENGTH AND LONG SERVICE ACCURACY IN BADMINTON

Mahatma Raison Pribadi — 2026-07-08

The Relationship between Arm Muscle Strength and Long Service Accuracy in Badminton Games for Sports Education Students (ISDIK) Kie Raha, North Maluku. This study uses an observation method with correlation analysis techniques. The results of the test data calculation of the two variables of arm muscle strength and long service accuracy in badminton games can be obtained r-count of 1.009. These results are then compared with r table at a significance level of α = 0.05% with dk - n - 1 = 29, namely 0.367 and 0.470 at a significance level of α - 0.01%. Thus r count = 1.009 > r table - 0.367 and 0.470, so it can be concluded that the research hypothesis or alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. In other words, the research hypothesis proposed in this study is: There is a significant relationship between arm muscle strength and long service accuracy in badminton games for Sports Education Students (ISDIK) Kie Raha, North Maluku

RELEVANCE OF CAREER GUIDANCE SERVICES IN VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL TO THE NEEDS OF INDUSTRY 4.0: STUDENTS' PERSPECTIVES

Radia Aiyub — 2026-07-08

This study aims to analyze the relevance of career guidance services in vocational high schools (SMKs) to the needs of Industry 4.0 from the students' perspective. The rapid development of technology and the demand for new competencies in the Industry 4.0 era require adaptive career guidance services. This study employed a quantitative approach with a survey method involving vocational high school students in North Maluku. The research instrument was a questionnaire designed to measure students' perceptions of the effectiveness of existing career guidance services, their alignment with the skill requirements of Industry 4.0, and their expectations for future service development. The results of the analysis indicate that the majority of students feel current career guidance services have not fully addressed the challenges of Industry 4.0, particularly regarding digital literacy, complex problem-solving skills, and creativity. There is a gap between the guidance materials provided and the competencies demanded by the modern workforce. Therefore, it is concluded that there is an urgent need to revitalize and adapt career guidance services in SMKs to make them more relevant and effective in preparing graduates to meet the demands of Industry 4.0. Recommendations are provided for integrating technology into services, focusing on the development of relevant soft skills, and fostering closer collaboration with the industry.