THE IMPACT OF NICKEL MINING ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN HALMAHERA TENGAH REGENCY
Keywords:
Environment, , Ecosystem, mining.
Abstract
Nickel mining is considered a crucial activity in the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy in the transportation sector. However, nickel mining activities negatively impact the entire ecosystem, both upstream and downstream, potentially impacting the environmental and socioeconomic conditions in Central Halmahera Regency. Along with the development of industrial development, it has an impact on water quality, both surface water and groundwater and even coastal areas are experiencing changes. Even a number of rivers are buried and no longer flow to the sea. The objectives of this research are as follows: (1). To determine the effect of drought on the ecosystem. (2). To determine the effect of technology on the ecosystem. (2). To determine the effect of biodiversity on the ecosystem. Based on the analysis results, it was found that drought, technology and biodiversity jointly influence the ecosystem in the environment, both upstream and downstream.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abubakar, K.S., and A.G. Karim. (2011). Kehidupan Masyarakat Pulau Gebe Studi Tentang Kondisi Masyarakat Pasca Berakhirnya Kontrak Kerja PT. Aneka Tambang di Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah. Diambil kembali dari https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/de- tail/50850
Annur, C. M. (2023). Deretan Negara Penghasil Nikel Terbesar di Dunia pada 2022, Indonesia Nomor Satu! Diambil kembali dari katada- ta.co.id: https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2023/03/02/ deretan-negara-penghasil-nikel-terbesar-di-dunia-pada-2022-indo- nesia-nomor-satu
Bea Cukai Resmikan Kawasan Pabean Baru di Halmahera Ten- gah. (t.thn.). Diambil kembali dari Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cu- kai: https://www.beacukai.go.id/berita/bea-cukai-resmikan-ka- wasan-pabean-baru-di-halmahera-tengah.html
Consonni, D. e. (2018). Outdoor particulate matter (PM10) ex- posure and lung cancer risk in the EAGLE study. PLoS ONE 13(9): e0203539. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203539
Entitas Asosiasi dan Entitas Pertambangan Patungan. Laporan Tahunan 2021. (2021). Diambil kembali dari PT ANTAM Tbk.: https:// www.antam.com/uploads/entitas-asosiasi---pertambangan-patun- gan.pdf
Fatah, A. (2021). Dua karyawan PT IWIP terlindas alat be- rat satu meninggal dunia, ungkapkan penyebabnya. Diambil kembali dari https://ambon.antaranews.com/berita/105630/ dua-karyawan-pt-iwip-terlindas-alat-berat-satu-meninggal-dun- ia-ungkapkan-penyebabnya
Kamila, S. e. (2023). Ecotoxicology of hexavalent chromium in fish: An updated review. Science of The Total Environment, 890:164395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164395
Kwong, Y. e. (2019). Comparison of Environmental Impacts of Deep-sea Tailings Placement Versus On-land Disposal. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 230, 287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-019-4336-1
Laila, K. (2022). Mereka yang Melawan dan Tersingkir Lantaran Nikel. Diambil kembali dari BETAHITA: https://betahita.id/news/de- tail/7992/mereka-yang-melawan-dan-tersingkir-lantaran-nikel.htm- l?v=1664358309
Lee, Y. e. (2020). Effects of PM10 on mortality in pure COPD and asthma-COPD overlap: difference in exposure duration, gender, and smoking status. Scientific Reports, 10:2402. https://doi.org/10.1038/ s41598-020-59246-2
Nancy, N. (2022). Potential Distortion of Sustainable Develop- ment in the Conflict of Interest of Nickel Mining and Indigenous Com- munities in Halmahera, North Maluku. Journal of Global Environmental Dynamics, 3(2), 11-20. https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/jged/article/down- load/61384/36332
Perihatin Kondisi Karyawan PT IWIP, Ini Harapan Hayun Maneke Ketua SPN Halteng. (2023). Diambil kembali dari Posttimur. com: https://www.posttimur.com/2023/05/15/perihatin-kondisi- karyawan-pt-iwip-ini-harapan-hayun-maneke-ketua-spn-halteng/
Profil PT. Weda Bay Nickel . (t.thn.). Diambil kembali dari https://
iwip.co.id/pt-weda-bay-nickel/ PT Indonesia Weda Bay Nickel. (2018). Analisis Dampak Lingkungan (ANDAL) Rencana Kegiatan Pembangunan Kawasan Industri Indo- nesia Weda Bay Industrial Park.
Ramirez-Llodra, E. e. (2015). Submarine and deep-sea mine tail- ing placements: A review of current practices, environmental issues, nat- ural analogs and knowledge gaps in Norway and internationally. Ma- rine Pollution Bulletin 97(1-2), 13-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. marpolbul.2015.05.062
Rini, A. S. (2018). Melihat Kepak Sayap Tsingshan Group. Diambil kembali dari Bisnis Indonesia : https://koran.bisnis.com/ read/20181105/447/856440/ekspansi-perusahaan-china-meli- hat-kepak-sayap-tsingshan-group
Saturi, S. (2013). Weda Bay Nickel, Berkonflik dengan Masyarakat Adat, Hutan Lindung pun Terancam. Diambil kembali dari Monga- bay: https://www.mongabay.co.id/2013/06/07/weda-bay-nickel- berkonflik-dengan-masyarakat-adat-hutan-lindung-pun-terancam/
Sharma, P. e. (2022). Health hazards of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) and its microbial reduction. Bioengineered, 13(3), 492304938. https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2022.2037273
Shelnutt, S. e. (2007). Dermatological toxicity of hexavalent chromium. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 37(5), 375-387. https://doi. org/10.1080/10408440701266582
Suh, M. e. (2019). Hexavalent chromium and stomach cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 49(2), 140-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2019.1578730
Tamrin & Aris, M. (2022). Peringatan Pencemaran Logam Berat Berdasarkan Indeks Saprobik Di Perairan Pulau Obi Maluku Utara. Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX 10(1), 55-60. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index. php/platax/article/download/37329/34799
Tentang IWIP. (t.thn.). Diambil kembali dari https://iwip.co.id/ tentang-iwip/
Thangavel, P. e. (2022). Recent Insights into Particulate Matter (PM2.5)-Mediated Toxicity in Humans: An Overview. International Jour- nal of Environmental Research Public Health, 19, 7511. https://doi. org/10.3390/ijerph19127511
WALHI, JATAM, & ICEL. (2004). Buyat Bay is polluted and a risk to the community: Highlights of the official joint investigation of Buyat Bay. Diambil kembali dari https://earthworks.org/wp-content/up- loads/2021/09/20041110_SummaryTechTeamFindings.pdf
Wicaksono, R. A. (2021). Aktivitas Tambang Nikel Ancam Da- nau Yonelo, Maluku Utara. Diambil kembali dari BETAHITA: https:// betahita.id/news/detail/6244/aktivitas-tambang-nikel-ancam-da- nau-yonelo-maluku-utara.html.html
Wuri. L. e. (2022). Exposure to hexavalent chromium causes infer- tility by disrupting cytoskeletal machinery and mitochondrial function of the metaphase II oocytes in superovulated rats. Toxicology Reports 9, 219-229.
Annur, C. M. (2023). Deretan Negara Penghasil Nikel Terbesar di Dunia pada 2022, Indonesia Nomor Satu! Diambil kembali dari katada- ta.co.id: https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2023/03/02/ deretan-negara-penghasil-nikel-terbesar-di-dunia-pada-2022-indo- nesia-nomor-satu
Bea Cukai Resmikan Kawasan Pabean Baru di Halmahera Ten- gah. (t.thn.). Diambil kembali dari Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cu- kai: https://www.beacukai.go.id/berita/bea-cukai-resmikan-ka- wasan-pabean-baru-di-halmahera-tengah.html
Consonni, D. e. (2018). Outdoor particulate matter (PM10) ex- posure and lung cancer risk in the EAGLE study. PLoS ONE 13(9): e0203539. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203539
Entitas Asosiasi dan Entitas Pertambangan Patungan. Laporan Tahunan 2021. (2021). Diambil kembali dari PT ANTAM Tbk.: https:// www.antam.com/uploads/entitas-asosiasi---pertambangan-patun- gan.pdf
Fatah, A. (2021). Dua karyawan PT IWIP terlindas alat be- rat satu meninggal dunia, ungkapkan penyebabnya. Diambil kembali dari https://ambon.antaranews.com/berita/105630/ dua-karyawan-pt-iwip-terlindas-alat-berat-satu-meninggal-dun- ia-ungkapkan-penyebabnya
Kamila, S. e. (2023). Ecotoxicology of hexavalent chromium in fish: An updated review. Science of The Total Environment, 890:164395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164395
Kwong, Y. e. (2019). Comparison of Environmental Impacts of Deep-sea Tailings Placement Versus On-land Disposal. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 230, 287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-019-4336-1
Laila, K. (2022). Mereka yang Melawan dan Tersingkir Lantaran Nikel. Diambil kembali dari BETAHITA: https://betahita.id/news/de- tail/7992/mereka-yang-melawan-dan-tersingkir-lantaran-nikel.htm- l?v=1664358309
Lee, Y. e. (2020). Effects of PM10 on mortality in pure COPD and asthma-COPD overlap: difference in exposure duration, gender, and smoking status. Scientific Reports, 10:2402. https://doi.org/10.1038/ s41598-020-59246-2
Nancy, N. (2022). Potential Distortion of Sustainable Develop- ment in the Conflict of Interest of Nickel Mining and Indigenous Com- munities in Halmahera, North Maluku. Journal of Global Environmental Dynamics, 3(2), 11-20. https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/jged/article/down- load/61384/36332
Perihatin Kondisi Karyawan PT IWIP, Ini Harapan Hayun Maneke Ketua SPN Halteng. (2023). Diambil kembali dari Posttimur. com: https://www.posttimur.com/2023/05/15/perihatin-kondisi- karyawan-pt-iwip-ini-harapan-hayun-maneke-ketua-spn-halteng/
Profil PT. Weda Bay Nickel . (t.thn.). Diambil kembali dari https://
iwip.co.id/pt-weda-bay-nickel/ PT Indonesia Weda Bay Nickel. (2018). Analisis Dampak Lingkungan (ANDAL) Rencana Kegiatan Pembangunan Kawasan Industri Indo- nesia Weda Bay Industrial Park.
Ramirez-Llodra, E. e. (2015). Submarine and deep-sea mine tail- ing placements: A review of current practices, environmental issues, nat- ural analogs and knowledge gaps in Norway and internationally. Ma- rine Pollution Bulletin 97(1-2), 13-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. marpolbul.2015.05.062
Rini, A. S. (2018). Melihat Kepak Sayap Tsingshan Group. Diambil kembali dari Bisnis Indonesia : https://koran.bisnis.com/ read/20181105/447/856440/ekspansi-perusahaan-china-meli- hat-kepak-sayap-tsingshan-group
Saturi, S. (2013). Weda Bay Nickel, Berkonflik dengan Masyarakat Adat, Hutan Lindung pun Terancam. Diambil kembali dari Monga- bay: https://www.mongabay.co.id/2013/06/07/weda-bay-nickel- berkonflik-dengan-masyarakat-adat-hutan-lindung-pun-terancam/
Sharma, P. e. (2022). Health hazards of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) and its microbial reduction. Bioengineered, 13(3), 492304938. https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2022.2037273
Shelnutt, S. e. (2007). Dermatological toxicity of hexavalent chromium. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 37(5), 375-387. https://doi. org/10.1080/10408440701266582
Suh, M. e. (2019). Hexavalent chromium and stomach cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 49(2), 140-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2019.1578730
Tamrin & Aris, M. (2022). Peringatan Pencemaran Logam Berat Berdasarkan Indeks Saprobik Di Perairan Pulau Obi Maluku Utara. Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX 10(1), 55-60. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index. php/platax/article/download/37329/34799
Tentang IWIP. (t.thn.). Diambil kembali dari https://iwip.co.id/ tentang-iwip/
Thangavel, P. e. (2022). Recent Insights into Particulate Matter (PM2.5)-Mediated Toxicity in Humans: An Overview. International Jour- nal of Environmental Research Public Health, 19, 7511. https://doi. org/10.3390/ijerph19127511
WALHI, JATAM, & ICEL. (2004). Buyat Bay is polluted and a risk to the community: Highlights of the official joint investigation of Buyat Bay. Diambil kembali dari https://earthworks.org/wp-content/up- loads/2021/09/20041110_SummaryTechTeamFindings.pdf
Wicaksono, R. A. (2021). Aktivitas Tambang Nikel Ancam Da- nau Yonelo, Maluku Utara. Diambil kembali dari BETAHITA: https:// betahita.id/news/detail/6244/aktivitas-tambang-nikel-ancam-da- nau-yonelo-maluku-utara.html.html
Wuri. L. e. (2022). Exposure to hexavalent chromium causes infer- tility by disrupting cytoskeletal machinery and mitochondrial function of the metaphase II oocytes in superovulated rats. Toxicology Reports 9, 219-229.
Published
2025-12-27
How to Cite
Drakel, A. (2025). THE IMPACT OF NICKEL MINING ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN HALMAHERA TENGAH REGENCY. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Ekonomi (JUPEK), 7(1), 195-209. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18168459
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (JUPEK)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
